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</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#e0e0e0;">Red</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">Paradigm</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">Multi-paradigm</a>: <a href="Imperative_programming" title="Imperative programming">imperative</a>, <a href="Functional_programming" title="Functional programming">functional</a>, <a href="Symbolic_programming" title="Symbolic programming">symbolic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Software_design" title="Software design">Designed by</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Nenad Rakočević<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Software_developer" class="mw-redirect" title="Software developer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data organiser">Nenad Rakočević</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First appeared</th><td class="infobox-data">2011</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">0.6.6<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="Beta_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta software">Beta</a>)

/ March 19, 2025</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">OS</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a>, <a href="OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="OS X">OS X</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Modified_BSD_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Modified BSD license">modified BSD</a> and <a href="Boost_Software_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Boost Software License">Boost</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extensions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">.red, .reds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.red-lang.org/">red-lang.org</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EEEEEE;">Influenced by</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="Rebol" title="Rebol">Rebol</a>, <a href="Lisp_(programming_language)" title="Lisp (programming language)">Lisp</a>, <a href="Scala_(programming_language)" title="Scala (programming language)">Scala</a>, <a href="Lua_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lua (programming language)">Lua</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Red</b> is a <a href="Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming language</a> designed to overcome the limitations of the programming language <a href="Rebol" title="Rebol">Rebol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red was introduced in 2011 by Nenad Rakočević,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is both an <a href="Imperative_programming" title="Imperative programming">imperative</a> and <a href="Functional_programming" title="Functional programming">functional programming</a> language. Its syntax and general usage overlaps that of the interpreted Rebol language.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The implementation choices of Red intend to create a <a href="Solution_stack" title="Solution stack">full stack</a> programming language:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MUO_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MUO-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red can be used for extremely high-level programming (<a href="Domain-specific_language" title="Domain-specific language">DSLs</a> and <a href="Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">GUIs</a>) as well as low-level programming (<a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a> and <a href="Device_driver" title="Device driver">device drivers</a>). Key to the approach is that the language has two parts: <i>Red/System</i> and <i>Red</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-developpez_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-developpez-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><i>Red/System</i> is similar to C, but packaged into a Rebol lexical structure – for example, one would write <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-smalltalk mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="nv">if</span> <span class="nf">x</span> <span class="nf">></span> <span class="nv">y</span> [<span class="nv">print</span> <span class="c">"Hello"</span>]</code> instead of <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-c mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Hello</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">);}</span></code>.</li>

<li><i>Red</i> is a <a href="Homoiconicity" title="Homoiconicity">homoiconic language</a>, which is capable of <a href="Meta-programming" class="mw-redirect" title="Meta-programming">meta-programming</a> with Rebol-like semantics.<sup id="cite_ref-GS_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Softpedia_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Softpedia-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red's runtime library is written in Red/System, and uses a hybrid approach: it <a href="Compiled_language" title="Compiled language">compiles</a> what it can deduce statically and uses an embedded <a href="Interpreter_(computing)" title="Interpreter (computing)">interpreter</a> otherwise. The project roadmap includes a <a href="Just-in-time_compilation" title="Just-in-time compilation">just-in-time compiler</a> for cases in between, but this has not yet been implemented.</li></ul>

<p>Red seeks to remain independent of any other <a href="Toolchain" title="Toolchain">toolchain</a>; it does its own code generation.<sup id="cite_ref-GS_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is therefore possible to <a href="Cross_compiler" title="Cross compiler">cross-compile</a><sup id="cite_ref-MUO_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MUO-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red programs from any platform it supports to any other, via a command-line switch. Both Red and Red/System are distributed as <a href="Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source software</a> under the <a href="Modified_BSD_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Modified BSD license">modified BSD license</a>. The runtime library is distributed under the more permissive <a href="Boost_Software_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Boost Software License">Boost Software License</a>.

</p><p>As of version 0.6.4 Red includes a <a href="Garbage_collection_(computer_science)" title="Garbage collection (computer science)">garbage collector</a> "the Simple GC".<sup id="cite_ref-GC_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GC-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Introduction">Introduction</h2></div>

<p>Red was introduced in the <a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> in February 2011 at the <i>Rebol & Boron conference</i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by its author Nenad Rakočević. In September 2011, the Red programming language was presented to a larger audience during the <a href="Software_Freedom_Day" title="Software Freedom Day">Software Freedom Day</a> 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-Red_SFD_2011_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Red_SFD_2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-YT_SFD_2011_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YT_SFD_2011-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rakočević is a long-time Rebol developer known as the creator of the Cheyenne <a href="HTTP_server" class="mw-redirect" title="HTTP server">HTTP server</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2></div>

<p>Red's syntax and semantics are very close to those of <a href="Rebol" title="Rebol">Rebol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like Rebol, it strongly supports <a href="Metaprogramming" title="Metaprogramming">metaprogramming</a> and domain-specific languages (<a href="Domain-specific_language" title="Domain-specific language">DSLs</a>) and is therefore a highly efficient tool for dialecting (creating embedded DSLs). Red includes a dialect called Red/System, a C-level language which provides system programming facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-developpez_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-developpez-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red is easy to integrate with other tools and languages as a DLL (libRed) and very lightweight (around 1 MB). It is also able to cross-compile to various platforms (see Cross Compilation section below) and create packages for platforms that require them (e.g., .APK on Android).<sup id="cite_ref-developpez_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-developpez-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Red also includes a fully reactive cross-platform GUI system based on an underlying reactive dataflow engine, a 2D drawing dialect comparable to SVG, compile-time and runtime macro support, and more than 40 standard datatypes.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Goals">Goals</h2></div>

<p>The following is the list of Red's Goals as presented on the <a href="Software_Freedom_Day" title="Software Freedom Day">Software Freedom Day</a> 2011:<sup id="cite_ref-Red_SFD_2011_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Red_SFD_2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-YT_SFD_2011_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YT_SFD_2011-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li>Simplicity ("An IDE should not be necessary to write code.")</li>

<li>Compactness ("Being highly expressive maximizes productivity.")</li>

<li>Speed ("If too slow, it cannot be general-purpose enough.")</li>

<li>Be "Green", Have a Small Footprint ("Because resources are not limitless.")</li>

<li>Ubiquity ("Spread everywhere.")</li>

<li>Portability, Write once run everywhere ("That's the least expected from a programming language.")</li>

<li>Flexibility ("Not best but good fit for any task!")</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercial_applications">Commercial applications</h2></div>

<p>The following commercial applications are currently developed on Red:

</p>

<ul><li>DiaGrammar<sup id="cite_ref-DiaGrammar_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DiaGrammar-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — Live coded diagramming</li>

<li>SmartXML<sup id="cite_ref-SmartXML_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SmartXML-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> — XML parsing tool.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2></div>

<p>Red's development is planned to be done in two phases:

</p>

<ol><li>Initial phase: Red and Red/System compilers written in <a href="Rebol" title="Rebol">Rebol</a> 2</li>

<li><a href="Bootstrapping_(compilers)" title="Bootstrapping (compilers)">Bootstrap</a> phase: Red and Red/System compilers complemented by a Red JIT-compiler, all written in Red</li></ol>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cross_compilation">Cross compilation</h2></div>

<p>Red currently supports the following cross-compilation targets:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a>: Windows, <a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a>, console (and GUI) applications</li>

<li><a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>: Windows, x86, GUI applications</li>

<li><a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>: <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, x86</li>

<li>Linux-ARM: <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARMv5</a>, <a href="ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">armel</a> (soft-float)</li>

<li><a href="Raspberry_Pi" title="Raspberry Pi">Raspberry Pi</a>: <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARMv5</a>, <a href="Armhf" class="mw-redirect" title="Armhf">armhf</a> (hard-float)</li>

<li><a href="FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a>: <a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a></li>

<li><a href="Darwin_(operating_system)" title="Darwin (operating system)">Darwin</a>: <a href="OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="OS X">OS X</a> Intel, console (and GUI) applications</li>

<li><a href="Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a>: Android, <a href="ARM_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM architecture">ARMv5</a></li>

<li>Android-x86: Android, <a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a></li></ul>

<p><small>(Note: Presently, Red applications are 32-bit, but it is planned to switch to 64-bit in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</small>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hello_World!">Hello World!</h2></div>

<p>The <a href="%22Hello%2C_World!%22_program" title=""Hello, World!" program">"Hello, World!" program</a> in Red:

</p>

<div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-red mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span class="nv">Red</span> <span class="gs">[</span><span class="gu">Title:</span> <span class="s">"Simple hello world script"</span><span class="gs">]</span>

<span class="nb">print</span> <span class="s">"Hello, World!"</span>

</pre></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Factorial_example">Factorial example</h2></div>

<p>IMPORTANT: These are intended as syntax examples. Until Red has <a href="64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a> support, the integer example will overflow a <a href="32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> integer very quickly. Changing that to `float!` will go farther, but these are merely to show the syntax of the language.

</p><p>The following is a factorial example in Red:

</p>

<div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-red mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span class="nv">Red</span> <span class="gs">[</span><span class="gu">Title:</span> <span class="s">"A factorial script"</span><span class="gs">]</span> <span class="c">; Note: The title is optional.</span>

<span class="gu">factorial:</span> <span class="nb">func</span> <span class="gs">[</span>

<span class="nv">x</span> <span class="gs">[</span><span class="kt">integer!</span><span class="gs">]</span> <span class="c">; Giving the type of an argument in Red is optional</span>

<span class="nb">either</span> <span class="nv">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="m">0</span> <span class="gs">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="gs">][</span><span class="nv">x</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nv">factorial</span> <span class="nv">x</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="m">1</span><span class="gs">]</span>

</pre></div>

<p>The following is the same factorial example in Red/System (in this very simple case, the source code is very similar to Red's version):

</p>

<div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-red mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span class="nv">Red</span><span class="na">/System</span> <span class="gs">[</span><span class="gu">Title:</span> <span class="s">"A factorial script"</span><span class="gs">]</span>

<span class="gu">factorial:</span> <span class="nb">func</span> <span class="gs">[</span>

<span class="nv">x</span> <span class="gs">[</span><span class="kt">integer!</span><span class="gs">]</span> <span class="c">; This is compulsory in Red/System</span>

<span class="gu">return:</span> <span class="gs">[</span><span class="kt">integer!</span><span class="gs">]</span> <span class="c">; This is compulsory in Red/System</span>

</pre></div>

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<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_programming_languages" title="Comparison of programming languages">Comparison of programming languages</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_programming_languages" title="History of programming languages">History of programming languages</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_programming_languages" title="List of programming languages">List of programming languages</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_programming_languages_by_type" title="List of programming languages by type">List of programming languages by type</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/dockimbel">"Creator of Red"</a>. <i><a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.red-lang.org/2025/03/066-memory-management-improvements.html">"Red's improvements"</a>. <i>red-lang</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 1,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-GS-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GS_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GS_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GS_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.studytonight.com/post/getting-started-with-gui-programming-using-red-programming-language">"Getting Started with GUI Programming using Red Language"</a>. <i>Studytonight</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalbaert2018_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBalbaert2018">Balbaert 2018</a>.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.notamonadtutorial.com/interview-with-nenad-rakocevic-about-red-a-rebol-inspired-programming-language/">"Interview with Nenad Rakocevic about Red, a Rebol inspired programming language"</a>. <i>Not a Monad Tutorial</i>. 28 August 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-MUO-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MUO_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MUO_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.makeuseof.com/programming-languages-to-learn-in-2023/">"6 Unusual & Groundbreaking Programming Languages to Learn in 2023"</a>. <i>makeuseof.com</i>. 18 October 2023.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-developpez-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-developpez_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-developpez_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-developpez_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLucas2023" class="citation news cs1">Lucas, Mathis (21 July 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://programmation.developpez.com/actu/346670/Red-un-langage-de-programmation-imperatif-et-fonctionnel-et-decrit-comme-un-langage-a-pile-complete-c-est-a-dire-qu-il-peut-etre-utilise-pour-la-programmation-de-haut-niveau-et-de-bas-niveau/">"Red: an imperative and functional programming language that is also a "full battery" language"</a>. <i>Developpez.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Softpedia-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Softpedia_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSasu2018" class="citation web cs1">Sasu, Alexandru (22 November 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.softpedia.com/get/Programming/Coding-languages-Compilers/Red-Programming-Language.shtml">"Review of Red"</a>. <i>Softpedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-GC-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GC_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFlucindamichele" class="citation web cs1">lucindamichele. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.red-lang.org/2018/12/064-simple-gc-and-pure-red-gui-console.html">"0.6.4 Simple GC and Pure Red GUI Console"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-16</span></span>. <q>The main feature for 0.6.4 is what we call the Simple GC (Garbage Collector). A more advanced GC is planned for the future</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osnews.com/story/24798/New_Red_Programming_Language_Gets_Syllable_Backend">« New Red Programming Language Gets Syllable Backend »</a>, <i>osnews.com</i>, May 2011.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Red_SFD_2011-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Red_SFD_2011_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Red_SFD_2011_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.red-lang.org/2011/09/red-at-software-freedom-day-2011.html">« Red Programming Language: Red at Software Freedom Day 2011 »</a>, <i>red-lang.org</i>, September 14, 2011.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-YT_SFD_2011-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-YT_SFD_2011_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YT_SFD_2011_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgtgoliZ454">"Software Freedom Day 2011: Red programming language, a new REBOL dialect"</a>. <i>YouTube</i>. 16 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cheyenne-server.org/about.shtml">« What is Cheyenne? »</a> Last referenced Nov 2017.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_etd/send_file/send?accession=toledo1639760375713532&disposition=inline">"The Dynamic Mapping Architecture"</a>. <i>OhioLINK</i>. December 2021.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-DiaGrammar-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DiaGrammar_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://red-lang.org/2020/03/">«DiaGrammar»</a>, <i>red-lang.org</i>, March 2020.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-SmartXML-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SmartXML_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://redata.dev/smartxml/">«SmartXML»</a>, <i>redata.dev</i>.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBalbaert2018" class="citation book cs1">Balbaert, Ivo (May 2018). <i>Learn Red - Fundamentals of Red</i>. <a href="Packt_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Packt Publishing">Packt Publishing</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1789130706</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Red_(programming_language)" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Red (programming language)">Red (programming language)</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.red-lang.org/">Official website</a></span></span> </li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.red-lang.org/p/download.html">Latest builds from official website</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/red/Red">Red</a> on <a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://redprogramming.com/">Redprogramming.com</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://helpin.red/Downloads.html/">Helpin' Red</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210928093654/https://helpin.red/Downloads.html">Archived</a> 2021-09-28 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Programming_languages625" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Programming_language" title="Programming language">Programming languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Comparison_of_programming_languages" title="Comparison of programming languages">Comparison</a></li>

<li><a href="Timeline_of_programming_languages" title="Timeline of programming languages">Timeline</a></li>

<li><a href="History_of_programming_languages" title="History of programming languages">History</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="ALGOL" title="ALGOL">ALGOL</a>

<ul><li><a href="Simula" title="Simula">Simula</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Assembly_language" title="Assembly language">Assembly</a></li>

<li><a href="BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a>

<ul><li><a href="Visual_Basic" title="Visual Basic">Visual Basic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Visual_Basic_(classic)" title="Visual Basic (classic)">classic</a></li>

<li><a href="COBOL" title="COBOL">COBOL</a></li>

<li><a href="Erlang_(programming_language)" title="Erlang (programming language)">Erlang</a>

<ul><li><a href="Elixir_(programming_language)" title="Elixir (programming language)">Elixir</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Forth_(programming_language)" title="Forth (programming language)">Forth</a></li>

<li><a href="Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a></li>

<li><a href="Haskell" title="Haskell">Haskell</a></li>

<li><a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a></li>

<li><a href="Julia_(programming_language)" title="Julia (programming language)">Julia</a></li>

<li><a href="Kotlin_(programming_language)" title="Kotlin (programming language)">Kotlin</a></li>

<li><a href="MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="OCaml" title="OCaml">OCaml</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Pascal_(programming_language)" title="Pascal (programming language)">Pascal</a>

<ul><li><a href="Object_Pascal" title="Object Pascal">Object Pascal</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Prolog" title="Prolog">Prolog</a></li>

<li><a href="Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a></li>

<li><a href="Scratch_(programming_language)" title="Scratch (programming language)">Scratch</a></li>

<li><a href="Shell_script" title="Shell script">Shell</a></li>

<li><a href="Smalltalk" title="Smalltalk">Smalltalk</a></li>

<li><a href="Swift_(programming_language)" title="Swift (programming language)">Swift</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"></span></span> <b>Lists:</b> <a href="List_of_programming_languages" title="List of programming languages">Alphabetical</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_programming_languages_by_type" title="List of programming languages by type">Categorical</a></li>

<li><a href="Generational_list_of_programming_languages" title="Generational list of programming languages">Generational</a></li>

<li><a href="Non-English-based_programming_languages" title="Non-English-based programming languages">Non-English-based</a></li>

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